Tabulating machine



Nov. 3, 1936. w. w. LASKER TABULATING MACHINE Filed April 10, 1933 9 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR WM w- M ATTORNEY Nov. 3, 1936. w. w. LASKER TABULATING MACHINE Filed April 10, 1933 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR WM w- 122/ am a! 2:14;

ATTORNEY v Nov. 3, 1936. w. w. LASKER TABULATING MACHINE Filed April 10, 1953 9 Shegts-Sheet 3 INVENTOR WM WM MAMA/4% ATTORNEY NOV. 3, 1936. w w LASKER 2,059,252

TABULATING MACHINE I Filed April 10, 1953 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 Ha. Id

INVENTOR ATTORNEY Nov. 3, 1936.

W. W. LASKER TABULATING MACHINE Filed April 10, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR WM W- M m 4%- /da@- ATTORNEY Nov. 3, 1936. w, A R 2,059,252

TABULATING MACHIN E Filed April 10, 1933 9 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR exp/M AM A412.

ATTORNEY w. w.. LASKER TABULATING MACHINE Filed April 10, 1933 Nov. 3, 193.6.

9 Sheets-Sheet 8 2oz K INVENTOR ATTORNEY NOV. 3, 1936. w. w LASKER 2,059,252

TABULATING MACHINE Filed April 10, 1953 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR WM w MW BY ATTORNEY by totals or group-totals Patented Nov. 3, 1936- UNITED STATES TABULATING MAonmE William W. Lasker, Brooklyn, N. Y.,

Remington Rand Inc., ration of Delaware asslznor Buflalo, N. Y., a corpo- Application April 10, 1933, sci-mm. 665,359 '1 Claims. (01. 235-58) This invention relates to tabulators and in particular to improvements in the totalizers and printing mechanism of tabulators, of the wellknown Powers type.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide a tabulator of the general Powers type with novel algebraic totalizers, and with means for determining automatically whether items on the control cards are to be entered positively or negatively.

Another object is to produce such a device for obtaining direct subtraction simply and emciently. I

Another object is to' provide a. tabulator with a plurality of such totalizers for each unit, whereand grand-totals may be obtained.

Another object is to provide totalizers wherefrom positive and negative balances may be readily extracted.

Another object is to produce an alphabetical unit in which the type sectors may be set for a greater number of printing positions than heretofore, so that a greater number of characters may be available on each sector.

Another object is to produce numerical and alphabetical units which are interchangeable, so that tabulators may be assembled from stock subassemblies, to meet the exigencies of various businesses.

Another object is to provide a.novel transitional-carry mechanism to compensate for the fugitive one which accompanies any change from positive to negative total or vice versa.

Another object is to produce a novel signprinting mechanism.

Other objects will appear fromthe following detailed description, and be particularly pointed out in the appended claims;

In "the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side view inelevation of a Powers tabulating machine having the present invention applied thereto.

Fig. 1A is an enlarged side elevation of the computing head.

Fig. 2 is a front-to-rear sectional view in elevation of one of the computing units, and. an associated part of the connection-box.

Fig. 3 is a. fragmentary detail, showing the relative positions of totalizer and rack during forward stroke of the rack in either adding or sub tracting accumulation.

Fig. 4 is a similar view, but viewed from" the opposite side, and showing the complementary mechanism, and for the positioning of the balengagement of the totalizing wheels and the engagement of one wheel with the rack.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the totali'zers, showing the novel mechanisms for determining the character of a balance, and 5 for effecting a transitional carry.

'Fig. 6 is detail, showing the mechanism for operating the totalizer detent bar, which bar is shown in the normal position.

Fig. 7 is a side view, in elevation, of the control 10 mechanism for a computing unit.

Fig. 8 is a side view, in elevation, of the computing head, showing the means employed in this invention for operating one set of totalizers and for controlling the rack-restoring bar.

Fig. 9 is a side view, in elevation showing one of the alphabetical units and an associated part of the connection-box.

Fig. 10 is a detail, showing means for locking or positioning the totalizer-wheels transposin ance determining mechanism.

Fig. 11 shows the grand-total control mechanism in its operated position.

Fig. 12 shows one sector of an alphabetical unit 25 in its operated position.

Fig. 13 shows the sign-printing character-bar and operating mechanism therefor.

Fig. 14 is a skeleton perspective computing head with parts omitted away for the sake of clearness.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary detail perspective of two of the automatic-zero devices of the printing hammer mechanism.

Definitions Because of confusion in terms as used in the art and in commercial practice, it is believed desirable before beginning any detailed description, to define certain terms used herein as to the 40 means intended in this specification.

Um't.The term "unit or numerical unit as used herein will refer to one complete assembly of a group totalizer, a grand totalizer, and the associated printing mechanism.

r Alphabetical unit-The term alphabetical unit means a plurality of alphabetical printing sectors with their type firing or striking means,

view of the but without totalizers; it is comparable to a unit but has no totalizing means, and operates only 50 to print desired matter.

Denominational unit-The term tional unit will be used to indicate the quantity 1 as raised to any denominational power.

.'Total.--The term total or group-total, as

denominaand broken so I used herein, refers to the amount obtained by adding and/or subtracting one or more amounts on a previously cleared totalizer; "taking a total" is printing such total" and leaving the totalizer cleared; a group-totalizer" is one on which such totals" are obtained. (The term sub-total" has been and still is somewhat confused with a total" as above defined; but afsub-total is believed to be more accurately defined as an amount accumulated on a totalizer, printed therefrom, and retained thereby.)

Grand totaL-A grand-total" is the amount obtained by totalizing several totals" or "grouptotals", or by totalizing the whole number of group Old Powers structure The Powers machine to which the present invention is applied is fully described in my copending application, Ser. No. 538,429, and in the corresponding foreign patents (France, No. 739,656; Italy, No. 299,982; Belgium, No. 382,387; Canada, No. 328,627; and Czechoslovakia, No. 44,797). In Figs. 1 and 1A hereof are shown cards II), card magazine picker block l2, sens ing chamber plates l3 and I4, feed-rolls l5, skid rolls l6, card-stop l1, sensing pin-box ll, eccentric l9, main drive shaft 20, eject rolls l5, recaptacle ll, sensing pins 2|, springs 22, slides 23, slide spring 28, lever 24, cam 25, pin extrusion 21, slots 25, upper pin-box 3|, pins 29, springs 30, looking slide 32, connection box 34, wires 35, and stop basket 35. All of these elements have the same construction, function and operation, as in the said application and foreign patents.

The computing head The computing head includes a. base 31 (Figs. 1, 1A, 7, 8, and 14), supported on frames 28, and is provided with upstanding end plates or frames 39, secured thereto, and with a pair of connecting cross-bars 4|) fastened to the end plates 39 by means of screws 4| (Figs. 8 and 14).

Usually, the head is provided with space for seven units, each unit being wide enough to accommodate ten associated totalizer wheels. But the space occupied by the numerical units is some times used for one or more alphabetical units.

Each numerical unit includes a series of slidably mounted rack-carrying members 42 (Fig. 2) conveniently spaced from each other and arranged to slide on cross-bars 43 and 44 in slots 45 in said member. There are as many members 42 to a unit as the desired denominational capacity (usually ten). The upper part of said units is provided with a printing mechanism of novel design, which includes in addition to the regular platen 45 and the regular ribbon mechanism indicated by the numeral 41, a rack 44 operatively connected with a sector 42. The movement of the rack is effective to swing the sector, which is provided in front thereof, with a series. of types 50 spaced to correspond with the spacing of the teeth in the sector. This printing mechanism will later be described in detail.

Upon operation of the machine, each card is effective to set up a condition in the stop-basket 35 (Fig. 1), by raising any one of ,nine stops 5| (Fig. 2), this being done by the wires in the connection-box 34 as above described. Any one of said stops 5| is effective to retract a zero-stop 52 of its denomination, which is normally held in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, by means of a spring 53. The manner in which the zero-stop is retracted is fully illustrated in said Fig. 2, from which will be noted that each stop 5| is provided with a respective protruding pin 54, forming an integral part thereof; and that each pin is effective to directly rock one or the other of the two levers 55 and 56. Levers 55 and 56 are respectively pivoted on cross-shafts 51 and 58, lever 55 being operatively connected at 59 with the lever 55 so that the operation of either lever by a pin 54 is effective to depress the stop 52 of that denomination, by causing lever 55 to depress a pin 5|! protruding from said stop 52.

The denominational rows of stops are separated from each other by means of spacing bars 6|. held in position by screws 52 (Figs. 2 and 7) through end plates 65 of the stop basket 35. At their lower ends, the stops 5| and 52 protrude through a plate 54 (Figs. 1A and 7).

If the card in the pin box has no holes in any one row, then the stop 52 will be undisturbed, thereby intercepting a heel 56 at the lowermost extension of the carrier 42.

From the foregoing, it will therefore be understood, that the sensing of a card is effective to set up a condition in any row of stops in the stop basket; and that the connection-box wires will either depress the zero stops upon elevating any other stop in the corresponding row, or the zero stops themselves will remain undisturbed in their initial position and thus prevent effective movement of the rack-carriers.

Said rack-carriers 42 are under the influence of springs 51 which urge the carriers toward the left in Fig. 2, but the carriers are normally held in their initial position, as shown, by a restoring bar 58. At the proper time, that is, some time after a condition has been set up in the stop basket, the restoring bar 58 is moved forwardly by the operation of a pair of earns 69 (Fig. 8), which are fast to a revolving shaft 10, operatively connected to the main shaft of the machine by means, not shown, but eifective to rotate both shafts at the same rate of speed. Said cams are operatively connected with the restoring bar by means of intervening rock levers 1|, pivoted at 12 and carrying rollers 13 riding on the peripheries of the cams 59, and by links 14 carried by studs 15 on levers H and pivotally connected to the ends of the restoring bar. This mechanism imparts to the restoring bar a parallel and rectilinear motion, the ends of the restoring bar being arranged to slide in elongated slots 11 formed between the endframes 39 and a pair of retaining pieces 18 which are secured to the frames by means of screws 19, as shown in Fig. 8. It will be understood that the restoring bar is positively restored to its initial position by the action of the cams 69 but is moved forwardly under the tension of a pair of springs 16 which hold the rollers 13 against the peripheries of the cams '69.

It will be apparent that upon movement of the restoring bar 88 to the left in Fig. 2, the rack'carriers 42 are permitted to move therewith until each is arrested by either the zero-stop 52 or any other stop 5| in the same denominational order.

Each unit is provided with a series of rack carriers 42, and each rack carrier is provided with a pair of racks 88 and 8| (Fig. 2), having teeth 82' and 82 respectively ofa pitch corresponding to the spacing of the stops in the stop basket. The-racks 88 and 8| are mounted on their carriers by means of studs 83' and 83 respectively and are movable relatively to the carrier by means of slots 84 in the racks, which embrace studs 83, 83'. of the racks relatively to the carriers to the extent of one tooth space. In this manner, although the carriers are arranged to move'to the extent of ten spaces when permitted, the racks will ordinarily be able to move to the extentof only nine teeth or spaces. This nine-tooth movement of the racks, will, of course, only take place when the ninth stop is raised in thestop basket,

Thepurpose of this slack connection will be apparent upon further description of the operation of the machine, particularly with reference to carrying or tens-transfer.

From this point on, many of the parts cooperating with racks 88 and 8| being the same, only those cooperating with racks 8| will be described, similar parts cooperating with the racks 88 being given the same reference characters primed.

Each, unit is provided with a pair of totalizers, each associated with a set of racks 88 or 8|. The totalizers coacting with racks 8I include a series of adding wheels 85, rotatively mounted on a shaft 88 and a series of subtracting wheels 858 mounted on a shaft 888. The shafts 86 and 868 upon which these wheels are mounted are secured to a pair of end plates or discs 81. These end plates together with the shafts and the two sets of wheels are assembled as a unit which is illustrated in Fig. 5. This assembled unit is rotatively mounted on stub-shafts 88, fast to the end plates 87 and the whole assembly is bodily displaceable towards and away from the totalizing racks. This movement is permitted by the ends of shafts being confined in slots in the unit frame I88, as shown in Fig. 10. Gear wheels constantly mesh corresponding wheels 858.

After sensing the card, the pin box is effective to set up a condition in the stop basket, and the racks in each unit are moved until their carriers 42 are brought to the stops 5| or 52. Then, either the adding or subtracting wheels are engaged with the racks, by means of mechanism to be hereinafter described, and the racks are subsequently restored to their initial position by return bar 88, thereby rotating the engaged wheels, amounts equivalent to the number of teeth or spaces that the racks have previously been displaced.

The set of wheels 85 is designed to accumulate the amounts additively entered in the totalizer, while the set of wheels 858 serves as a means for reversely rotating gears 85 to subtractively accumulate the amounts negatively entered. Each wheel 85 and 858 is provided with I8 teeth, and has also a carry tooth 89 or 898 adjacent to one of the regular teeth. This carry tooth serves as a means for sensing whether the totalizer is set for a positive or negative amount, when taking a total. In taking a total, the wheels are first engaged with the racks; and, after having retracted the zero stops in the stop basket, in a These slots permit the movement.

manner to be hereinatfer described the racks are then permitted to' move forwardly under the influence of the springs 81 until the carry teeth 89 strikes a series of carry pawls 98, evenly spaced between the computing wheels, and which in total taking, act as total stops. The wheels are then disengaged from their associated racks, and the racks are restored to their initialposition by a ly mounted on studs 9| carried by rack stops 92, which are in turn pivotally mounted on a shaft 93. Said carry pawls 98 are held in their normal position, as shown in Fig. 4, by means of a cross bar 94 on which they latch, under impulse of springs 95, one spring for each carry pawl. Springs 95 are anchored to a suitable rod.

Fig. 4 shows the condition of oneof the totalizers after taking a total, all the computing wheels being aligned according to their respective carry teeth, The two sets of wheels are complementarily geared, that is to say, the carry pawls are so positioned, relatively to each other, that if one set of carry teeth is on one side of the carry pawls, the carry teeth in the other set of wheels if engaged would be on the other side of the carry pawls. Hence, if a total is instigated when the accumulator wheels 85 are in the position shown in Fig. 4, there can be no movement of the racks 8I since the carry tooth 89 is against the carry pawl 98. But if the set of wheels 858 is presented: to engagement with the racks, and then a total is instigated, theracks Will move nine spacesor teeth or until carry tooth 898 is stopped by carry pawl 98. v

Subtraction Normally, all amounts are additively entered in both totalizers, but if the card beingsensed is provided with a special hole in line with a subtracting wire 98, (Fig. 1) in the connection box, then the same will be elevated by the rising pin thereunder and the wire in turn will raise a subtraction stop 91 (Fig. 2), in the stop basket. This stop is operatively connected with mechanism for transposing the gears of that unit so that the subtracting gears 8.58 thereof will be engaged with the racks. The subtraction stop 91 is effective to swing a shaft 98 by means of an intervening arm 99, fast to the shaft 98, which shaft -is mounted on the side frames I88 (Figs. 7, 8, and .14) of the unit. The shaft 98 protrudes through said side frame and carries at the end thereof and fast thereto an arm I8I,, (Fig. 7), which is operatively connected, by means of a pin I82, to a slide I83 which is mounted on the side of the frame I88 of the unit by means of shoulder screws I84. By this train of connections the subtraction hole in the card is effective to move the slide I83 of the desired unit. The slide I83 is provided with two pins I85, fast thereto, for the purpose of controlling the position of a pair of subtraction selecting levers H8 and H8, one for each totalizer. These selecting levers are normally held in the position shown in Fig. 7, by means of springs I86 and are pivotally mounted at I81 n a pair of bell-cranks I88 and I89, which are caused to operate and move the selecting levers H8 and I I8 downwardly, during the advancing movement of the restoring bar 68. The two members I88 and I89 are provided with upwardly extending portions III and are operatively connected together by a link H2 secured to said bell-cranks by'means of screws I I3. The action of the restoring bar 09 in its forward movement is to engage a cam surface II4 on arm I09, and thereby swing the arms I08 and I09 anti-clockwise, as viewed in Fig.7. This will cause selecting levers H0 and M0 to engage pins II! and H5 or pins H0 and H5 according to the position of the selecting lever, whereby a geared sector III, which is pivotally mounted on a shaft II9 rotatable in the side frame I00, may be rocked to either of two positions. There is, of course, one of these sectors provided for each totalizer, and its effect on the totalizer is to swing the same through an arc of 180 to thus present either the adding or subtracting set of totalizer wheels to the racks. The shafts II9, which carry the sectors III fast thereto, are provided at the other ends thereof with detent sectors II9 (Fig. 10). Each sector has two detent notches I20, which by means of an associated detent arm I2I, fulcrumed at I22, and pressed by a spring I23, is effective to position the sector I I. I in either its additive or subtractive position, and to maintain the same in such position until positively moved therefrom.

Accumulation in the totalizing wheels takes place during the return movement of the racks, and in the initial position of the machine the wheels are held in engagement with the racks, as shown in Fig. 2, but are thrown out of engagement from said racks during the first portion of the cycle, that is, before the racks start to move, as shown in Fig. 3.

Grand-total totalizer For reasons which will be apparent upon further description of the invention, although both totalizers of a unit are simultaneously operated into and out of engagement with the racks, each totalizer is provided with independent mechanism for controlling its operation. In Fig. 8, mechanism is illustrated for controlling the operation of the grand-total totalizer, which totalizer is shown in Fig. 1 and will hereinafter be referred to as totalizer "B. This controlling mechanism includes a shaft I2I0 rockably mounted in the frames 39, and an arm I220 fast to the end of said shart I2I0. Said arm is operatively connected at I230 with a selecting member or selecting link I24, normally held In the position shown in Fig. 8 by a spring I25, anchored at opposite ends to spring pins I26 and I21, respectively, carried by the member I24 and the frame 39. The link member I24 is provided with a pin I29, fast thereto, which is actuated for accumulative operations by a bell-crank I29 pivotally mounted on a stud I30 and operatively connected, by means of an intervening roller I3I, with a cam I32 fast to the main shaft I0. This cam I32 is formed to swing the bell-crank I29 at proper times upon operation of the machine, and this swinging movement is effective to rock the shaft I2I0 for throwing totalizer "B" out of and into engagement with the actuating racks by means now to be described.

The totalizer "B" is moved into and out of engagement with the rack 90 by means of a pair of cam links I33 (Fig. 7) which links are provided with cam slots I34 through which the shafts 83 of the particular totalizer protrude. Said links I33 are carried by a pair of screws I35 on arms I30 fast to the shaft I2l0, and the other ends of the links I33 are slidably mounted on shoulder screws I31 fast to the side frames I00. The slidin: movement of these links to the right in Fig. 7,

causes the cams of slots I 34 to depress pivots 09 so as to disengage the totalizer wheels of totalizer 13" from their associated racks 90, and in so doing, a gear I39 fast to one of the pivot members 99 of the particular totalizer is caused to engage the sector I I1. Swinging of this sector by the means hereinbefore described can now rotate the totalizer to present either its adding or substracting wheels to the racks. It will, of course, be understood that spring I300 (Fig. 8), causes roller I3I to follow cam I32 to return the totalizer to rack-engaging position, after it has been set for adding or subtracting.

Running totalizer The mechanism just described is for controlling the totalizer 13" and is similar to another mechanism intended to control the operation of the computing wheels in the running-total totalizer, which will hereinafter be referred to as totalizer A" and operates to accummulate "totals and group-totals as above defined. This mechanism includes a shaft I39 (Figs. 1, 1A, 7 and 14) rockably mounted in end frames 39, and arranged to be rocked, upon operation of the machine, by means of a selecting link I40 pivotally mounted on a stud I carried by an arm I42 fast to the shaft I39. This selecting link is held in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 1A, by means of a spring I43, and in this position presents a pin I440 in front of a shoulder on a bell-crank I44 pivotally mounted at I45 and provided with a roller I46 arranged to ride the periphery of a cam I4'I fast to the shaft I0.

The shaft I39 carries apair of arms I48 (Fig. '7), fast thereto, which arms are effective, by means of intervening links I49, one on each side of the unit, to control the movement of totalizer "A into and out of engagement with the associated racks 8|. The links I49 are pivotally mounted on studs I50 carried by said arms I40, and are arranged to slide, by means of slots I5 I, on shoulder screws I52 fast to the frames I00. The shafts of the totalizer "A are arranged to protrude through vertical slots I55 in frames I00 and cam slots I54 in the links I49, and the movement of the links, toward the left in Fig. 7, is effective to move the totalizer shafts 88, down in slots I55 in the frames I00. The shaft 98 at one end of totalizer A" is provided with a pinion I59, fast thereto and arranged to engage the respective sector I". This sector, as seen, may operate to revolve totalizer "A" to present either its adding or substracting wheels to the racks 8|. A suitable spring causes bell-crank I44 to follow cam I41 and return totalizer A to rack engaging position at the proper time.

T8718 transfer Each rack is arranged to accumulate, either additively or subtractively, the amounts set up in the stop basket, but no amount greater than nine can be thus directly computed in any rack. Mechanism is provided, however, as best seen in Figs. 2-6, for transferring one into a totalizer wheel of a higher order either additively or subtractively when the wheel of next lower order moves from 9 to 0, or 0 to 9 position. This is done by allowing the rack associated with the wheel of a higher order to move one extra space or tooth, while the same is still engaged with the totalizer wheel at the end of the accumulating stroke. To this end, each totalizing wheel is associated with its adjacent rack of higher order by means of the carry pawls 90 hereinbefore referred to. Each time the carry tooth 88 or 696 (Fig. 4) of any totalizing wheel, either additive orsubtractive, reaches either the ninth or zero position in accumulating eitheradditively or subtractively, it is ready to trip the pawl 96 of the'next 9 to 0, 'or from 0 to 9 position, is permitted to I move one space farther than normal home position, under the influence of a respective spring I58, I58, spring I58, I58 being anchored at opposite ends to the racks 86--8I and the carrier 42. This extra movement of a rack will rotate the associated wheel one extra tooth, thus effecting carrying or tens-transfer.

Resetting the carry pawls Since the accumulation takes place during the return movement of the racks, and since, in order that the carry-pawls 96, which are held in their tripped position by the spring 95, may again be rendered operative during the next accumulating stroke, it is necessary to reset the carry-pawls to their initial positions, during the succeeding forward stroke of bar 68. ,For this purpose, there isv provided a pair. of resetting bars I59 and I66 (Figs. 2, 4, and 7), the first for the set of pawls of totalizer A, and the second for the set of pawls of totalizer B. Said bars are respectively carried by the arms I69 and I68, which are respectively pivoted on studs I62 and I6I fast to the frames I66. It will be understood that there is provided one arm I68 and one arm I69 on each side fraine I00 of a unit, in order to impart to said restoring bars a parallel motion, and that the restoring of the carry pawls takes place during the forward movement of the restoring bar 68, simultaneously with the setting of the computing wheels for either adding or subtracting.

Printing items In order that the amounts entered in the totalizers may be listed on the work sheet, there is provided a. printing mechanism which is operatively connected with the rack-carriers. Each rack carrier 42 (Fig. 2) has a rack forming an integral part thereof and having teeth 48 arranged to' engage the teeth I63 of a type sector 49 associated with'each carrier. As each rack-carrier is moved forwardly to the stop set in the stop basket, the sector is positioned to bring a corresponding type 56 in front of the platen, at the printing line thereof; so that a printing hammer I I64 may'then deliver a blow against the selected type, to effect printing thereby. There is one hammer I64 provided for each type sector, and each hammer is urged toward the platen under the tension of a spring I65, and is normally held back against such tension by a latch I66. The latter is pivotally mounted on a shaft I61, which passes through vertically elongated slots in all of the latches I66. In the initial position of latches I66, as shown in Fig. 2, the operation of a vertically movable releasing bar I68 is ineffective to trip the hammer-latches I66, because the same are normally held away therefrom .by pins I69 carried by the rack carriers. However, movemerit of a. rack carrier toward the 1m 1.. Fig. 2,

permits the latch I66 associated therewith tolbe swung,,under the influence of a spring I16, so that a shoulder I1I, forming an integral part of said latch, is moved into the path of the bar I 68.

The releasing oi the hammers takes place at the end of the forward stroke of the restoring bar 68. At this time the bar 66 strikes a pair of bell-cranks I12 (Fig. '7), arranged at opposite.

sides of the frames I66 of .the unit, upon which frames the bell-cranks are vpivotally mounted by means of studs I18. Referring to Figf'l, it will be noted that the bell-cranks are provided with extensions I14 arranged to engage the underside of the bar I66, and raise the same substantiallyat the end of the initial stroke.

After release the hammers are immediately restored to their initial positionby means of a re-v storing bar I15 (Figs; 2 and 7), which bar is slidably mounted in slots I 16 in the frames I66 and extends through slots I11 in the rear end of said hammers. Said restoring bar I15 is fast to one end of each of a pair of links I66 having their opposite ends pivotally connected by shoulder screws I8I to respective arms I19 fixed on a restoring shaft I18, pivotally supported by the retaining pieces 18. The operating mechanism for said restoring shaft" I18 may include a pair of arms I82 (Figs. 1A and 8) fast at the ends of said shaft. Links I63 are pivotally mounted at one end on studs I84, carried by arms I82, and connected at their other ends by pivots I85 with cam plates I86 rockably mounted on studs I81 extending from the end frames 39. Thecam plates I86 are swung to restore the hammers by means of rollers I88 (Fig. 8) and I89 (Fig. 1A), respectively carried by the cams I32 and I41.

Each member I66 (Figs. 2 and 15) is formed with an ear I166, which is bent to the right as viewed from the front of the machine into the plane of a respective lever I16I, on the member I66 01 next lower order, and formed with a shoulder I162 to cooperate with the high order ear I166 for automatic filling in of zeros to the right of the highest significant digit. Lever I16I is shown in Fig. 2 as moved to its ineffective position, in which case the printing is split at that point. If lever I16I is moved toward the left until extrusion I163 enters the hole I164, the

In taking a total, the totalizer wheels are first engaged with the racks preparatory to moving the racks forwardly so as to reversely rotate the totalizer wheels to bring the carry teeth thereof against the carry pawls, as shown in Fig. 4. The pawls 96 thus act as total stops, and stop the racks, rack carriers and type segments in positions representing the digits of the total taken. In this manner, each rack is moved a number of teeth equal to the number of teeth intervening between the carry tooth of the respective 'total izing wheel and its associated carry pawl; and when the corresponding types on the type bars are positioned at the printing line, the hammers I64 are released and the amount represented by the type-bars is printed on the work sheet.

When a considerable amount is first additively entered in the totalizer, and a smaller amount taken subtractively therefrom, by means of the subtracting totalizer wheels, a positive balance or total stands on the totalizer; and the total is taken from the set of adding wheels 85. In this case the subtracting wheels are only used to reverse the rotation of adding wheels for item subtracting. Sometimes, however, it is desired to subtractively enter an amount in the totalizer which is greater than the amount previously entered additively, such as, for instance, when an account is overdrawn. In this case, it is desired that the true overdraft or algebraic difference shall be printed on the work sheet.

According to the present invention, the series of totalizers "A" are automatically cleared when the designation changes in a pre-selected designating field of the computing cards, and the series of totalizers 3" which hold the grand-total of the amounts cleared from the totalizers A", can only be cleared by means of a non-computing card having special perforations, or by other 'means under the control of the operator of the machine.

The nature of the accumulating mechanism is such that some of the carry pawls may be unlatched at the end of an accumulating cycle, so that the totalizers must first benormalized before taking the total. Since each accumulation may involve tripping of the carry pawls, and since the total is taken by aligning the carry teeth of the computing wheels against the carry pawls, it is obvious that the carry pawls must first be positioned in their initial position prior to taking a total. Not only that, but the overdraft condition of the totalizers, if present, must first be ascertained, and the subtracting wheels 85!) must be brought into co-operation with their racks if an overdraft or negative balance has been accumulated in the wheels.

The Powers machine is so designed that, upon a change of designation in the pro-selected designating field, the card is automatically held in the pin box during a non-computing cycle in order to permit the accumulating mechanism to be conditioned for a total taking operation. This is fully set forth in my said pending application S. N. 538,429, and Belgian Patent No. 382,387. Briefly, the upper pin box SI is provided with a separate slide I90 for each row of pins 29, and each slide is operatively connected with the pins of its row by means of projections IilI forming integral parts of the pins and engaging in cam slots in said slides, as seen in Fig. 1. A pre-selected row or rows of pins is, or are, operatively associated with a trip bar I9II by means of levers I92 fast thereto, and when a change of designation takes place in said pre-selected row or rows, the change of position of any pin in the row or rows, is effective to move a slide I90, and thus cause the shaft IQIO to be rocked. This rocking of the shaft ISIII is effective to release operating mechanism, not shown, but operable to partly rotate a shaft I93 (Figs. 1 and 11), carrying a plurality of cams fast thereon. Said operating mechanism includes a pawl and ratchet arrangement, not shown, but operatively connected with the main shaft 20. After releasing this operating mechanism, each revolution of the main shaft is effective to feed one tooth of a ratchet wheel having nine teeth until three teeth have been fed. This ratchet wheel is fast to a shaft I93, and the first tooth movement of the ratchet wheel is effective, by means of an intervening cam, to prevent the operation of the card stop I1 so as to hold the computing card between the pin boxes, and also to disable the card feed and prevent feeding of new cards to the pin boxes while the other card is held therebetween. This is the clearing stroke preparatory to the total taking stroke.

The second tooth movement of the ratchet wheel causes a totalcontrol cam I (Fig. 11), also carried by the shaft I83, to rock a lever Isl, pivotally moimted at I96 and to pull downwardly a total control'link I91 which is operatively connected with the lever at I". This sets the computing mechanism for a total operation in a manner to be hereinafter described.

The third tooth movement of the ratchet wheel brings all thecams on the shaft I98 to their next succeeding initial" position, and, after registering the computing card which initiated the space-total cycles, the same is permitted to leave the sensing chamber, and as the feeding mechanism has been rendered effective again, a new card is fed to the sensing chamber in the regular manner. This third tooth or final movement is also effective to disconnect the ratchet operating mechanism, which is subsequently stationary until a new change of designation causes the shaft ISIII) to be rocked again. It will be understood that although the ratchet wheel is provided with nine teeth, the releasing of the feeding mechanism is only effective to feed three teeth of the ratchet, and that the cams are provided with three identical cam surfaces. In this manner each portion of the cam has three positions, and is effective to operate and restore its associated mechanism.

In order to permit unobstructed movement of the computing racks during the total stroke, while the computing card is being held in the pin box, the Powers machine is provided with mechanism for automatically disabling the operation of the pin locking slides 32 during both the space and the total strokes. Hence, the upper pins are not held up during said strokes; but during the stroke following the total, the locking slide is again normalized or rendered effective to lock the upper pins in the regular manner, and the amount on the card is registered in the totalizers.

When a negative balance or overdraft is accumulated in any one of the totalizers, the total or grand-total is taken from its set of subtracting wheels, but if the amount accumulated is a positive balance, then the total or grand-total is taken from the set of adding wheels. However, since the positioning of the wheels takes place during the forward movement of the computing racks, and since the total or grand-total is obtained during the forward movement of the racks, it will be apparent that the selection and positioning of the proper set of totalizer wheels for a positive or negative balance, must take place during the idle or spacing stroke before a total or grand-total. To this end, the shaft I93 is provided with a cam I99 (Fig. 11) fast thereto, which cam is operatively connected, with a vertically disposed link 202 by means of an intervening lever 20D pivotally mounted at 20 I. Said cam is shown in its initial position in Fig. 1, and the link 202 is normally held in the position shown by means of a spring 203, which also holds the link I91 in its normal position as shown in said Fig. 1.

Attention is now directed to the computing mechanism, and more particularly to Figures 2, 4, and 5, In all these figures the adding wheels are shown in their operative or rack-engaging position, and as long as the accumulated amount is positive, that is to say, not less than the overdraft mechanism will remain in normal position, and a shaft 204, rotatably mounted in the frames III will be held in the position shown in Fig. 5, in which position it is held by a detent 205 (Fig. pivotally mounted at 206 and held in resilient engagement with a star wheel 201 by means of a spring 208. The star wheel is provided with eight teeth or positions, corresponding to the eight teeth of a ratchet'wheel 209 also carried by the shaft 204. The other end of said shaft 204 is provided with a balance selecting. cam 2 I0.

Transitional carry Each time an amount is substracted from the substracting wheels are engaged with the computing racks, and, upon accumulating any significant amount, a tripping of all carry pawis will take place. This is so, because a zero in each of the adding set of wheels means that the associated substracting wheels will stand with 9 relatively against the carry pawls and is dueto the two sets of wheels being complementally geared; as hereinbefore set forth. Upon carrying across, the computing wheel of highest numerical order is effective to trip its carry pawl 90 (Fig. which is pivotally mounted on a stud 9| carried by a lever 2|3 pivotally mounted on the pivot shaft 93, and the tripping of said carry pawl 90 permits a spring 2|4 to actuate and to swing the lever 2|3, and thus rock a units-denomination rack-stop 2|5 which is rigidly connected with the said lever by means of a crossmember 2|9. This swings the units-denomination rack-stop away from the rack of lowest order and permits the same to be moved one tooth space by its associated spring I58. In this manner a transitional-carry is effected, and the fugitive one is held in the totalizer preparatory to taking a negative balance from the substracting set of totalizing wheels.

The tripping of the carry-pawl 2| is also effective to condition the negative balance selecting mechanism for a negative total. To this end the lever 2| 3 (Fig. 5), is provided with a pawl 2|6 pivotally mounted at the rear end thereof on a stud 2| 1, and the pawl is arranged to engage the ratchet 209 against which it is held by a spring 2|8. It will be seen that the tripping of the carry pawl 2| and subseq lent swinging of the lever 2| 3 will rotate the shaft 204 one-eighth of a turn, and thus change the position of the cam 2| 0 from the position shown in said Figure 5 to the position shown at the left side of Fig. '1.

Referring again to Fig. 1, it will be noted that the link 202 is normally hooked over a pin 220, on a lever 22| pivotally mounted at 222, and that said lever is operable by downward movement of pin 220, to pull downwardly a link 223, carried by a stud 224 fast to the free end of said lever 22I. Said link 223 is operatively connected, at 221 with a three-armed lever 225 (Fig. 1A), which lever is pivotally mounted at 226. Lever 225 is provided with a rearwardly extending arm 228 and a downwardly extending arm 229 respectively connected, by means of pin and slot connections 230 and 23|, with links 232 and 233, and which links are in turn operatively connected, by means of arms 234 and 235 to shafts 236 and 231 journaledin the frames 39.

Owing to the pin-and-slot connection between the lever 225 and the links 232 and 233, the downward movement of the link 223, during the idle stroke preceding a total, is effective to move the link 232 upwardly, to thereby rock the shaft236, butthis movement of the link 223 has no effect upon the link 233.

Referring to Fig. 7, it will be seen that the shaft 236 is provided with an arm 238 which is operatively connected, by means of a pin-andslot connection 239 and a spring 240, to a horizontally disposed link 24| slidably mounted on a stud 242 secured to the slde frame I00. The operation of the arm 238 is effective to pull upon the spring 240. If the position of the cam 2|0 is as shown with relation to link 24|, in said Fig. 7, one of the low points of the cam will permit movement of. a finger 243 formed on link 24|; but if thejcam is normal or turned one-eighth of a rotation from the position shown, one of the high points of the cam will interpose and prevent movement of the finger 243 of said link 24|, thereby preventing the movement of the link itself. In the condition shown, a negative balance has been computed in the totalizer A, and the shaft 204 associated therewith has therefore been rotated through tripping the carry pawl 2| I, so that one of the flats or 'low parts of said cam is in the path of the finger 243; and in this case, the link 24| will be permitted to move under the influence of the spring 240, upon operation of the shaft 236. The-movement of said link is effective to swing the selecting lever I I0 to its subtraction position by means of a pin 244 carried by said slide and arranged to engage the side of said lever I|0 so as to move the same therewith.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that, during the idle stroke, the position of the cam 2I0 will determine if the shaft 236 is to be effective to position the selecting lever to its subtraction position or if the lever is to remain in its normal or adding position in which case spring 240 is merely strained. It will also be understood that the positioning of the selecting lever I|0 takes place at the same time that a condition is ordinarily set up in the pin box, before the operation of the restoring bar 68 which op erates to move the selecting lever I I0 downwardly to effect positioning of the totalizing wheels, so as to present the subtraction set of wheels to the computing racks if a negative balance is present in the totalizer.

The first-tooth movement of the shaft I93 (Figs. 1 and 11) 'is, therefore, effective to select whether the adding or subtracting wheels will be presented to the computing racks during the total-taking operation; but the total cam I94, although rotated one-tooth space during the idle stroke, does not operate the lever I95 until the second-tooth of the ratchet on said shaft is operated. At this time, the link I91, which is provided with a hook at the upper end thereof, engages a pin 245 carried by a lever 246 pivotally mounted on a stud 241. This rocks the lever 246 which is provided with a depending extension to which one end of a link 248 is pivotally connected at 249. The other end of the link 248 is operatively connected at 25| (Fig. 7) with a lever 250 loosely pivhted on the shaft I2|0. Said lever 250 has an arm 252, having a pin 253 fast thereto, which is disposed to engage one side of the lever I36, to thereby rock the shaft I2|0, and by so doing, move the links I33 in a manner to disengage the wheels in the totalizer B from the computing racks.

In addition to this, the rocking movement of the lever 250 (Fig. 7), is effective, by means of an extension or finger 254, forming an integral part thereof, to depress a pin 255 carried by a bell-crank 256 fast to a shaft 251 which extends between, and is pivotally mounted in, the end frames 38. The upwardly extending arm of the bell-crank 256 carries at the end thereof a stud 258, upon which one end of a link 259 is pivoted. The other end of said link 259 is pivoted a pin 280 carried by another bell-crank 28I which is secured to a shaft 282 and is provided witha finger 283 (Fig. '7). Finger 283 and a finger 284, (Fig. 2), also fast on shaft 282, but at the other side of the stop basket, operate a cross-bar 288 designed to engage and depress all the zero stops 82 and thereby permit the unobstructed operation of the rack carriers 42 for total-taking.

In addition to this, an arm 288 (Figs. 1 and 1A) which is secured to the shaft 282, at the end thereof is operated to position the link I48, so that the pin on said link will be in the path of a shoulder on a bell-crank 281, similar to the bell-crank I44 but having a delayed operation. In this manner, when taking a total, instead of disengaging the wheels of totalizer "A" from the racks at the beginning of the forward stroke, they are held in engagement with the racks during the forward movement thereof, so as to sense the position of each wheel relatively to its carry pawl, and then, at the beginning of the return movement, just after printing, but before the racks begin to be restored, the wheels of totalizer "A" are disconnected from their associated computing racks. This means for disconnecting the gears is controlled by said bell-crank 281 which is pivotally mounted at 288 and is rocked by the cam I41, upon the periphery of which a roller 289, carried by said bell-crank, is riding,

From the foregoing it will be understood, that the sensing of a total in the pin box will first set up and operate mechanism to position the computing wheels of the totalizer "A", for either a positive or negative total, 'it will then render the totalizer "B" ineffective by holding the wheels away from the racks, it will operate the zero stops to clear the rack carriers, when the rack carriers move forward during the totaling-cycle, it will leave the wheels of the totalizer "A" in engagement with the racks until the forward movement is complete, it will then print thetotal thus taken from the computing wheels, and finally it will disconnect the wheels from the computing racks previous to returning the racks to their initial positions, thus leaving totalizer A cleared.

Grand total In order to take a grand-total and clear the totalizer "B", that is, to take a total from the computing wheels thereof, it is necessary to insert a total card in the receiving magazine, usually, although not always, at the end of the pack of computing cards being tabulated. The total card is provided with a special perforation for tripping the total mechanism in a manner similar to that shown in the cited application S. N. 538,429 for the tripping of the mechanism when there is a change in the designating field of the card. Such card is also provided with a special perforation through which a wire 210 (Figs. 1 and 11), in the connection box, is operated. Upward movement of wire 210 rocks a lever 21l, pivoted at 212, which lever is provided with an upwardly extending arm 213 and a downwardly" extending arm 214. The upper arm 213 is provided with a pin 219 fast thereto, which pin is arranged to engage one side of the link I91. Operation of said wire 210, is, therefore, effective to swing the link I91 to the position shown in Fig. 11, and thus engage the hook at the upper end of this link with a pin 218 carried by an arm 211 pivotally mounted at 218. In this manner, the operation of the total link I91 by cam I94 is effective to rock said arm 211 instead of the arm 248, and thereby rock shaft I39 bymeans of a link 219. Link 219 is pivotally connected at 280 (Fig. 1A) to a lever 28I freely pivoted on the shaft I39, and is pivotally connected to the arm 211 by means of a stud 282.

During the idle stroke preceding the taking of a grand-total from the totalizer B, it is desired to first ascertain the condition of the totalizer, that is to say, whether the total or balance accumulated therein is positive or negative. To this end, the rocking of the lever 21I is effective, in addition to positioning the link I91 as hereinbefore set forth, to position the link 202 in a manner such as is shown in Fig. 11. This will engage the hooked upper end of said link with a pin 283 carried by the arm 22I, and the downward movement of the link 202 upon operation thereof by cam I99, will rock the arm 22I so as to move the link 223 upwardly instead of downwardly. This reverse movement of the link 223 will, of course, be effective to rock the lever 220 (Figs. 1 and 1A), anti-clockwise, and the operation of the arm 229 will actuate the link 233 to rock shaft 231.

Referring more particularly to Fig. '7, it will be noticed that the shaft 231 is arranged to control the position of the selecting lever through intervening mechanism which includes an arm 284 having a pin arranged to slide in a slot 285 in a link 288, which is slidably mounted on a shoulder-screw 281, fast to the side frame I00. Said link 288 is flexibly connected with the arm 284 by means of a spring 288, and, although the am 284 is actuated during the idle stroke preceding the taking of a grand-total from the totalizer B, the link 288 will not move if the cam 2I0 for the B totalizer is in the position shown in Fig. 7. In the case shown, the cam will intercept a. finger 289 formed on link 288, thereby insuring the taking of the grand-total from the adding wheels of totalizer B. If, however, the position of the cam 2I0 is such that it does not interfere with the operation of the link 288, showing the grand-total to be negative, then the link 288 will move under the urging of the spring 288 and will thus swing the selecting lever IIO, by means of a pin 290 on said link, to its subtraction position. Having thus positioned the selecting lever to the negative balance position, the forward movement of the restoring bar 88 will position the totalizing wheels in the regular manner.

During the total stroke in a grand-total taking operation, the rocking of the lever 28I (Fig. 'I) by link I91 will swing its upper arm 29I, which carries a pin 292 against arm I48, rocking it to disengage totalizer A", and hold it through slide I49 ineffective during the taking of the grandtotal. Rocking of the shaft I39 by arm I48 will also rock the shafts 281 and 282 by means of links 289 and 294, the latter pivotally mounted on studs 295 and 298, respectively carried by the lever 28I and said arm 29I (Fig. 7).

The operation of the shafts 282 and 251 will respectively be effective to move the "0 stops downwardly and thus permit the operation of the rack carriers; and to swing the selecting link I24, from the position shown in Fig. 8, to a position in which the pin I28 thereof will be in the path of a shoulder on a bell-crank 291 instead of the bell-crank I29. Said bell-crank 291 is pivotally mounted on a stud 298 and is operatively connected with the periphery of the cam I32 by means of a roller 299. By changing the position of the selecting link I24, the action of the shaft I2) is delayed and in this manner the wheels Totalizer detents In order that the computing wheels may be held in registering position when out of engagement with the computing racks, there are provided aligning or detent bars 304, 304', (Figs. 2-6), which are slidably mounted in radial slots 305 in the discs 81. These bars are held in engagement with the wheels while the wheels are free from the racks, but are automatically disengaged upon engaging the wheels with the computing racks. The totalizer, that is the two sets of wheels, which are mounted on shafts 88 carried by a pair of discs 81, is held against displace ment during accumulation and during the taking of a total by means of pins 308 which are fast to the side frames I00 and are designed to engage notches 301 in said discs 81, there being notches 30! in each disc 81 to accommodate it to both adding and subtracting positions. Upon disengaging the wheels from their associated racks, however, the totalizer will be moved away from. the pins 308, and the pinion I38 will be thrown into engagement with the associated sector II I so as to position the totalizers for either a positive or a negative operation according to the next card sensed.

The detent bar 304 is operated by a pair of cam plates 309, (Fig.6) which are slidably mounted on studs 3I0 fast to the discs 81, and are provided with cam slots 3 designed to control the ends of the bar 304, which protrude through the radial slots 305, in the discs 81 into the cam slots 3. Cam plates 309 are held in their normal position by centralizing arms 3I2, at each end of the totalizer. Arms 3I2 are pivotally mounted on discs 81 at 3I3 and are held in central position by means of springs 3 I4. This holds the aligning bar in engagement with the computing wheels; but upon moving the totalizer to engage the wheels with the racks, the ends 3I6 of the cam plates, (regardless of whether it is an adding, subtracting or totaling operation), are caused to strike pins 308, as shown in Fig. 5, thereby sliding the cam plates 309 and causing the detent bar to be moved away from the wheels. This permits the free rotation of the totalizing wheels when the same are engaged with the racks. Since the detent-bar holds the wheels when the same are not in engagement with the racks, it will be understood that the wheels are held against displacement during the swinging of the totalizer from adding to subtracting position and vice versa.

Sign printing Each computing unit is provided with acharto indicate positive total and positive grand-total, respectively, and types A and B to indicatenegative total and negative grand-total, respectively. The mechanism for accomplishing this result includes a series of levers, which serve to position a slide 3| 1 (Fig. 13), which is connected to a. type segment 3I8 carrying the character signs. During the normal operation of the machine the slide 3I1 is arranged to move forwardly undenthe influence of a spring 324; and, if the slide 3I1 is not arrested by any of its associated stop members, the same will go to its extreme position permitted by the bars 43, 44 upon which it is'mountecl, and, by positioning the last character type to the printing line, the plus sign will be printed. If, however, an amount is entered subtractively, then the rocking of the shaft 98, as-above described, will raise a stop member 3I9, which is slidably mounted on a stud 320 and is carried by a pin 32I on an am 322 fast to said shaft 98. When raised, member 3I9 will be in the path of a stop shoulder 323 formed on slide 3I1, and the slide will be positioned thereby to bring the uppermost type on the type-segment 3I8 to printing position for printing a minus sign;

Upon taking a total from the totalizer A, if the same is positive, then the slide 3I1 will be arrested by a stop member 325, which is raised into the path of a stop shoulder 32B upon rocking the shaft I 39. This will position the character for printing the type No. 3, and indicates that a positive total is taken from the totalizer A. Member 325 is connected to the shaft I 39 by an arm 321 to which it is pivoted by a stud 328; and the link is slidably supported by a stud 329 fast to the frame I00.

If, instead of a positive total, the total or balance is negative, then the slide 3I1 is arrested by a lever 330 which is moved into the path of an extension 33I of the slide, and the sign-segment 3| 8 will be positioned for printing by the type No. 2, having a charaeter indicating that a negative balance has been taken from the totalizer A. The lever 330 is moved upon operation of the link 286 to which it is connected by a pin 332. The lever 330 is pivotally supported on the shaft 93.

The total taken from the totalizer 3" usually represents a grand-total, that is to say, an accumulation of a plurality of the totals cleared from the totalizer A. This grand-total may also be either positive or negative, and means are provided for indicating the character of the grandtotal on the work sheet. Rocking of the shaft I2l0, having an arm 333 fast thereto, operates a link 334 mounted upon the arm 333 at 335, and the link rocks a lever 336 pivoted at 331 and pivotally connected with the link 334 at 338. Lever 336 is arranged to intercept the extension 33I and thus position the character-segment for printing by type No. 5, which indicates that the total is a positive balance or positive grand-total taken from the totalizer fB.

When the grand-total computed in the totalizer B is negative, then the link 24I will operate, and its movement is effectiveto swing a lever 339 pivotally mounted at 340, and operatively connected with the link 24I by means of a pin 34I. The rocking of the lever is effective to intercept a stop shoulder 342 of the slide 3I1, and thus the slide 3I1 is positioned to print by the type No. 4. This type will print a character which indicates that a. negative balance or negative grand-total is taken from the totalizer B.

The slide 3I1 is restored by the restoring bar 68 in the regular manner. The printing mechanism The alphabetic non-computing units In addition to the numerical units hereinbefore described, the machine is provided with one or more alphabetical non-computing units for designating the character of the computations entered on the work sheet, or printing any desired descriptive matter. It is one of the features of this invention that both the numerical and alphabetic units are interchangeable; that is to say, either unit can be substituted for the other without making any substantial change in the rest of the mechanism. This is advantageous, because this class of machines serves a diversified trade, and the broad range of work to which such machines are dedicated renders standardization dlillcult, if not impossible.

The alphabetic units include a pair 01 side frames 1 (Figs. 9 and 12) which are secured to the cross-bars 46. Between these side frames, there is provided a series of type sectors 6 pivoted at 246, and the sectors are operatively connected, through a geared section thereof having teeth 266 engaged by racks iii forming an integralpart of slides 352 which are slidably mounted on the cross bars 353 and 35!. Said slides are urged forwardly by springs 355 secured to a crossbar 366, and the slides are restored by the restoring bar 68 to their initial position, as shown in Pig. 9. The slides are arranged to travel rectilinearly an amount equal to the travel of the slides 42 of the numerical units, and, since the arc of the geared section of the alphabetical sectors is the same as in the numerical sectors, it will be apparent that the angular movement of both the numerical and alphabetical sectors is also the same.

Each alphabetical type-sector is provided with thirty types which are arranged from top to bottomin the following order: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, W, X, Y, Z, 3, 4, 'I, 8, and 9. The letter G is designed to resemble the numeral 6, and the same character is indiscriminately used for either the letter G or the numeral 6. The letters I, O, and Z are also altered to resemble the numerals 1, 0, and 2, respectively, and each is indiscriminately used instead of the other. The letter U is slightly altered to resemble the letter V, and the character is indiscriminately used to represent either letter. The letter S is made somewhat like a 5 and the same type operates for either character.

By means of this arrangement of characters it is possible, not only to type a complete alphabet, but it is also possible to print non-computing numerals from a type-segment having only thirty types.

The thirty different printing positions of each alphabetical-sector are controlled by a row of stops in a stop basket of novel design, generally illustrated by the numeral 351 (Figs. 9 and 12). Said row of stops is controlled by a row of noncomputing wires in the connection-box, which are, in turn, operatively connected with the holes in the card. Fig. 9 'illustrates the normal or initial position of the parts of the alphabetical unit. If no stop is operated to arrest the type bar,

then the same will be moved to theend of its travel as shown in Fig. 12.

The twelfth hole in the card is elective to raise the stop l2 in the path of a heel "I, forming an integral part of the slide 362. This will position the type No. 3 of the alphabetical-sector to the printing line and the character C will be printed upon the work sheet. Like operation of the successive stops l1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 will be eii'ective to respectively position the alphabetical-sector for printing the characters F, I, L, O, R, U, Y, 4 and 9; that is to say, the stops will control the position of the alphabetical-sectors so as to print the third character from the this; of the bar and every third character in the The 8 and 9 stops, as shown in Fig. 9 are formed with narrow upper ends ill and "I, this narrowed'portion being in each case one-third the thickness of the stops 0 7,11 and 12. A spreader 362, pivoted at 363, is normally interposed between the 7 stop and the frame of the connection-box. If, now, any one of the regular stops 0-7, 11 and 12 and the 8 stop are both up simultaneously, the regular stop will be crowded one-third its thickness to the right in Fig. 9 and will stop the carrier 362 that much earlier in its travel. Also simultaneous operation of any one regular stop, and both the 8 and 9 stops, will crowd the regular stop two-thirds of its thickness toward the right with results accordingly. If then, in addition to elevating the 12 stop, the 8 stop is also raised, the 8 stop will shift the position of the 12 stop one-third of its thickness and, instead of positioning the alphabetical-sector to print the letter C, the letter B,-or second type on the type-sector will be brought to print. Similar successive operation of the stops, in combination with the 8 stop, will be effective to print the following characters: E, H, K, N, Q, T, X, 3, and 8. If the 9 stop is raised in addition to the 8 stop and any other of the controlling stops, the latter will be shifted two-thirds of its thickness, and then the following characters will be printed upon successive operation of the controlling stops: A, D, G, J, M, P, S, W, Z, and 'I.

As shown in Fig. 9, the alphabetical types are driven to print by hammers i646, urged toward the types by springs i656; and returned to normal by a bar "56 operated by links I866 pivoted at iliil to rock arms i196 fixed to shaft I16 so as to rock therewith. All of the hammers I'll are normally retained in set position by a common latch i660 fixed on a shaft IBM and urged toward latching position by a spring I666. Fixed to shaft l66| is a rocker I662 adapted to be operated by a lever i663 to unlatch the hammers I"! and permit them to fire. The lower end of lever I662 extends into the path of return bar 66 so that printing will be eflected substantially at the end of the forward stroke of each cycle. A stop 3460 on each sector 6 will prevent operation of the associated hammer i640 if the carrier I62 moves beyond all the stops so as to move all types above the hammer.

The reason all hammers of this section have a common latch i646, instead of separate latches, as in the numerical units, is that it is desired to have an impression in all columns so as to prevent changes of the code afterwards, hence, in the uncontrolled columns, an asterisk or other fill-in character is printed. In case this safeguard is not needed, the special type is removed and no printing occurs in uncontrolled columns.

The simplicity of construction and cheapness of manufacture will recommend themselves to all skilled in the art.

While I have described what I deem to be the best form of embodiment of my invention, it is obvious that this is merely illustrative, and that variations may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention. I, therefore, do not limit myself to the precise embodiment shown and wish to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The combination of an adding wheel, a subtracting wheel meshing therewith and diametrically opposed thereto on a common support, a common actuator therefor, card sensing means, card controlled means for revolving said common support to bring either of said wheels into effective relation with said actuator, and means for moving said support to effect engagement of the effectively positioned wheel with said actuator.

2. The combination of a set of adding wheels, a set of subtracting wheels meshed with said adding wheels and disposed diametrically opposite thereto on a common support, common actuating means for said sets of wheels, card controlled means for revolving said common support to bring either set of wheels into effective relation with said actuating means, and additional card controlled means for retaining said commoh support in either of two eilective positions for a plurality of cycles.

3. The combination of a set of adding wheels, a set of subtracting wheels meshed therewith and disposed in diametrical opposition on a common support, common actuating means for said sets of wheels, means for rotating said common support to bring either of said sets of wheels into effective relation with said actuating means and record-sensing means for automatically controlling the said means for rotating said common support.

4. The'combination of a set of adding wheels, a set of subtracting wheels meshed with said adding wheels, common actuating means for said sets of wheels, a rotatable frame carrying both of said sets of wheels, said sets of wheels being disposed in diametric opposition thereon, automatic means for rotating said frame. to bring either of said sets of wheels into efiective relation with said actuating means, and means for moving said frame bodily to effect engagement of the wheels selected by said automatic means with said actuating means.

5. The combination of a set of adding wheels, a. set of subtracting wheels meshed with said adding wheels, common actuating means for said sets of wheels, a rotatable frame carrying both of said sets of wheels, said sets of wheels being disposed in diametrical opposition thereon, record-controlled means for rotating said frame to bring either of said sets of wheels into effective relation with said actuating means, and means for moving said frame bodily to effect engagement of the set of wheels selected by said record controlled means.

6. The combination of record sensing means,

change of designation sensing means, a set of adding wheels, a set of subtracting wheels meshed with said adding wheels, actuating means associated with each said set of wheels, means for moving said sets of wheels to bring either of said sets of wheels into effective relation with said actuating means, means associated with said record sensing means for automatically controlling the second said means during item entering, and means controlled by change of designation operable for controlling the second said means during total taking.

7. In a machine of the class described, the combination of an algebraic totalizer, actuating means for said totalizer, card sensing means for controlling said actuating means, change-of-designation devices associated with said card sensing means, total taking devices associated with said tota1izer, and a movable control shaft which may be rendered effective by said change-of-designation devices to effect shifting of said totalizer according to the sign of the total upon said totalizer and to thereafter affect said total taking devices to condition the machine for total taking.

WILLIAM W. LASKER. 

